Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan
Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan, often called the "Tansen of the 20th century," was a legendary Hindustani classical vocalist.
He was a master of the Patiala gharana and known for his unique blend of different traditions, including elements of Dhrupad, Jaipur, and Gwalior styles.
Early Life and Training
Born on April 2, 1902, in Kasur (now in Pakistan), he came from a family with a strong musical lineage. He received his initial training from his uncle, Ustad Kale Khan, at the age of five, and later from his father, Ustad Ali Baksh Khan.
Although he initially started his career as a sarangi player, he gained fame as a vocalist after his debut concert in Calcutta.
He was also a composer, creating numerous compositions under the pen name "Sabrang."
Career and Contributions
Khan's style was known for its technical brilliance and emotional depth, combining intricate taans (fast melodic patterns) with a rich, flexible voice that spanned three octaves.
He was particularly revered for his khayals and thumris, and his unique interpretation of these forms.
Although he was hesitant to sing for films, he famously lent his voice to two songs in the 1960 movie Mughal-e-Azam to represent the legendary Tansen.
He demanded a high price of ₹25,000 per song, which was significantly more than the rates of other popular playback singers at the time.
After the Partition of India in 1947, he moved to Pakistan but later returned to India, acquiring Indian citizenship in 1957.
He lived in various cities, including Lahore, Bombay, Calcutta, and eventually Hyderabad.
Awards and Legacy
Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan was a recipient of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award and the Padma Bhushan in 1962.
He passed away on April 25, 1968, in Hyderabad after a prolonged illness that left him partially paralyzed.
Despite his health issues, he continued to perform with the support of his son and disciple, Munawar Ali Khan, until his death.
His legacy is carried on by his descendants and continues to influence generations of musicians.
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